""" Prospero Brazier - flame only (Blender bpy) - standalone. Just the stone flame cluster from brazier_with_flame.py, printed as its own separate piece: a small glue peg ("nob") at the bottom to attach it into the bowl after painting, with a 1.8mm hole drilled up into the peg from below to hold a toothpick while painting. See brazier_with_flame.py for the flame geometry's own rationale (twisted/tapered/bowed loft). Run: Blender -> Scripting workspace -> Open this file -> Alt+P Or headless: blender --background --python flame_only.py """ import bpy import bmesh import math import mathutils import os # ============================================================ # CONFIG # ============================================================ EXPORT_DIR = "/Users/mannil/Desktop/studio-m/TSONS/brazier/output_flame_only" EXPORT_STL = True RENDER_IMAGES = True RENDER_DIR = os.path.join(EXPORT_DIR, "renders") RENDER_RESOLUTION = (1600, 900) RENDER_ANGLES = { "front": (0.0, -1.0, 0.15), "side": (1.0, -0.1, 0.15), "top": (0.001, -0.3, 1.0), "iso": (0.6, -1.0, 0.6), } # Glue peg the flame sits on - kept slim (small radius) so it stays # subtle, but tall enough that the ENTIRE toothpick hole fits inside it # without ever touching the flame. Letting the hole reach into the # flame's base (earlier passes) visibly notched/cracked the thin twisted # geometry there - see the junction_close.png render - and was also the # root cause of two separate catastrophic boolean failures. Keeping hole # and flame from ever meeting sidesteps both problems at once. NOB_RADIUS = 1.2 NOB_HEIGHT = 4.0 NOB_STEPS = 32 # Toothpick hole, drilled up from the peg's bottom face - lets you hold # the piece on a toothpick while priming/painting. Confined entirely to # the peg (HOLE_DEPTH stays comfortably below FLAME_EMBED's anchor point) # rather than reaching into the flame - see the note on NOB_HEIGHT above. HOLE_DIAMETER = 1.2 # radius 0.6mm HOLE_DEPTH = 1.0 # shortened to stay clear of the new, higher flame # anchor (NOB_HEIGHT-FLAME_EMBED=1.5) now that most # of the peg is buried up inside the flame - see # FLAME_EMBED below HOLE_CLEARANCE = 0.6 # cutter pokes below the peg's bottom by this much for a clean through-cut # Stone flame cluster - identical tuning to brazier_with_flame.py's final # pass (twisted, tapered, bowed tongues fused into one body). FLAME_TONGUES = [ # (height, width, thickness, base_angle_deg, ox, oy, curve_deg, curve_amount) (44.64, 10.23, 2.42, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 15.0, 6.51), (37.20, 8.56, 2.05, 130.0, 1.67, -0.93, 160.0, 5.58), (31.62, 7.81, 2.05, 250.0, -1.40, 1.12, 290.0, 5.12), ] FLAME_LEVELS = 32 FLAME_RING_POINTS = 8 FLAME_TWIST_DEG = 250 FLAME_EMBED = 2.5 # how far the tongue base is buried into the peg - # raised from 0.5 so most of the 4mm peg is hidden up # inside the flame's own base and only ~1.5mm shows # below it. Safe to raise now because HOLE_DEPTH (above) # was shortened to stay clear of the new anchor point - # it's specifically the hole crossing the flame's # paper-thin (t=0) base cap that's fragile (an earlier # attempt at FLAME_EMBED=0.9 with the old deeper hole # blew up the boolean, volume dropped to ~1mm3); the # peg-flame overlap itself was never the problem. # ============================================================ # HELPERS (shared conventions - see runes/rune_panel_v1_plain.py) # ============================================================ def clear_scene(): bpy.ops.object.select_all(action='SELECT') bpy.ops.object.delete() for block in list(bpy.data.meshes): bpy.data.meshes.remove(block) def apply_boolean(target, cutter, operation): mod = target.modifiers.new("Bool", 'BOOLEAN') mod.object = cutter mod.operation = operation mod.solver = 'EXACT' bpy.context.view_layer.objects.active = target bpy.ops.object.modifier_apply(modifier=mod.name) bpy.data.objects.remove(cutter, do_unlink=True) def compute_scene_bounds(): xs, ys, zs = [], [], [] for obj in bpy.context.scene.objects: if obj.type != 'MESH': continue for corner in obj.bound_box: world_corner = obj.matrix_world @ mathutils.Vector(corner) xs.append(world_corner.x) ys.append(world_corner.y) zs.append(world_corner.z) if not xs: return mathutils.Vector((0.0, 0.0, 0.0)), 10.0 center = mathutils.Vector(( (min(xs) + max(xs)) / 2, (min(ys) + max(ys)) / 2, (min(zs) + max(zs)) / 2, )) size = max(max(xs) - min(xs), max(ys) - min(ys), max(zs) - min(zs)) return center, size def setup_camera_and_light(center): cam_data = bpy.data.cameras.new("RenderCam") cam_obj = bpy.data.objects.new("RenderCam", cam_data) bpy.context.collection.objects.link(cam_obj) target = bpy.data.objects.new("RenderTarget", None) target.location = center bpy.context.collection.objects.link(target) track = cam_obj.constraints.new(type='TRACK_TO') track.target = target track.track_axis = 'TRACK_NEGATIVE_Z' track.up_axis = 'UP_Y' light_data = bpy.data.lights.new("RenderSun", type='SUN') light_data.energy = 3.0 light_obj = bpy.data.objects.new("RenderSun", light_data) light_obj.rotation_euler = (math.radians(55), 0.0, math.radians(35)) bpy.context.collection.objects.link(light_obj) bpy.context.scene.camera = cam_obj return cam_obj def render_angles(center, size): os.makedirs(RENDER_DIR, exist_ok=True) cam_obj = setup_camera_and_light(center) scene = bpy.context.scene try: scene.render.engine = 'BLENDER_EEVEE_NEXT' except TypeError: scene.render.engine = 'BLENDER_EEVEE' scene.render.resolution_x = RENDER_RESOLUTION[0] scene.render.resolution_y = RENDER_RESOLUTION[1] distance = size * 4.0 for name, direction in RENDER_ANGLES.items(): cam_obj.location = center + mathutils.Vector(direction).normalized() * distance scene.render.filepath = os.path.join(RENDER_DIR, f"{name}.png") bpy.ops.render.render(write_still=True) print(f"Rendered {scene.render.filepath}") def export_stl(obj, filename): bpy.ops.object.select_all(action='DESELECT') obj.select_set(True) bpy.context.view_layer.objects.active = obj path = os.path.join(EXPORT_DIR, filename) bpy.ops.wm.stl_export(filepath=path, export_selected_objects=True) print(f"Exported {path}") # ============================================================ # NOB (glue peg) + TOOTHPICK HOLE # ============================================================ def build_nob(): """Solid cylinder from z=0 (ground) to z=NOB_HEIGHT - the small glue peg the flame stands on.""" bm = bmesh.new() bmesh.ops.create_cone( bm, cap_ends=True, cap_tris=False, segments=NOB_STEPS, radius1=NOB_RADIUS, radius2=NOB_RADIUS, depth=NOB_HEIGHT, ) for v in bm.verts: v.co.z += NOB_HEIGHT / 2 # create_cone is Z-centered; shift base to z=0 bmesh.ops.recalc_face_normals(bm, faces=bm.faces) mesh = bpy.data.meshes.new("nob") bm.to_mesh(mesh) bm.free() obj = bpy.data.objects.new("nob", mesh) bpy.context.collection.objects.link(obj) return obj def build_hole_cutter(): """Thin cylinder cutter for the toothpick hole, drilled up from the peg's bottom face - extends slightly past z=0 (HOLE_CLEARANCE) for a clean through-cut, up to HOLE_DEPTH.""" bm = bmesh.new() total_h = HOLE_DEPTH + HOLE_CLEARANCE bmesh.ops.create_cone( bm, cap_ends=True, cap_tris=False, segments=24, radius1=HOLE_DIAMETER / 2, radius2=HOLE_DIAMETER / 2, depth=total_h, ) for v in bm.verts: v.co.z += total_h / 2 - HOLE_CLEARANCE # base at z=-HOLE_CLEARANCE, top at z=HOLE_DEPTH bmesh.ops.recalc_face_normals(bm, faces=bm.faces) mesh = bpy.data.meshes.new("hole_cutter") bm.to_mesh(mesh) bm.free() obj = bpy.data.objects.new("hole_cutter", mesh) bpy.context.collection.objects.link(obj) return obj # ============================================================ # FLAME (stone flame cluster - see brazier_with_flame.py for rationale) # ============================================================ def _flame_envelope(t): if t <= 0.15: return 0.15 + (0.9 - 0.15) * (t / 0.15) u = (t - 0.15) / 0.85 return max(0.05, 0.9 * (1 - u) ** 1.3) def build_flame_tongue_object(height, width, thickness, angle_deg, ox, oy, curve_deg, curve_amount): bm = bmesh.new() rings = [] curve_dir = math.radians(curve_deg) curve_cos, curve_sin = math.cos(curve_dir), math.sin(curve_dir) for i in range(FLAME_LEVELS + 1): t = i / FLAME_LEVELS z = t * height env = _flame_envelope(t) hw = (width / 2) * env ht = (thickness / 2) * env twist = math.radians(angle_deg + FLAME_TWIST_DEG * t) cos_tw, sin_tw = math.cos(twist), math.sin(twist) bow = curve_amount * math.sin(math.pi * t) cx = ox + bow * curve_cos cy = oy + bow * curve_sin ring = [] for j in range(FLAME_RING_POINTS): phi = 2 * math.pi * j / FLAME_RING_POINTS lx, ly = hw * math.cos(phi), ht * math.sin(phi) rx = lx * cos_tw - ly * sin_tw ry = lx * sin_tw + ly * cos_tw ring.append(bm.verts.new((rx + cx, ry + cy, z + NOB_HEIGHT - FLAME_EMBED))) rings.append(ring) for i in range(FLAME_LEVELS): r0, r1 = rings[i], rings[i + 1] for j in range(FLAME_RING_POINTS): a, b = r0[j], r0[(j + 1) % FLAME_RING_POINTS] c, d = r1[j], r1[(j + 1) % FLAME_RING_POINTS] bm.faces.new((a, b, d, c)) bm.faces.new(rings[0]) bm.faces.new(list(reversed(rings[-1]))) bmesh.ops.recalc_face_normals(bm, faces=bm.faces) mesh = bpy.data.meshes.new("flame_tongue") bm.to_mesh(mesh) bm.free() obj = bpy.data.objects.new(mesh.name, mesh) bpy.context.collection.objects.link(obj) return obj def build_flame(): tongues = [build_flame_tongue_object(*t) for t in FLAME_TONGUES] flame = tongues[0] for other in tongues[1:]: apply_boolean(flame, other, 'UNION') flame.name = "flame" return flame def build_flame_piece(): nob = build_nob() flame = build_flame() apply_boolean(nob, flame, 'UNION') hole = build_hole_cutter() apply_boolean(nob, hole, 'DIFFERENCE') nob.name = "flame_only" return nob # ============================================================ # MAIN # ============================================================ def main(): os.makedirs(EXPORT_DIR, exist_ok=True) clear_scene() piece = build_flame_piece() print(f"Flame-only piece built: nob {NOB_RADIUS*2}mm dia x {NOB_HEIGHT}mm tall, " f"toothpick hole {HOLE_DIAMETER}mm dia x {HOLE_DEPTH}mm deep") if EXPORT_STL: export_stl(piece, "flame_only.stl") if RENDER_IMAGES: center, size = compute_scene_bounds() render_angles(center, size) print("Done.") if __name__ == "__main__": main()